Insurance and Credit

Despite a drastic economic downturn, it seems that mutual funds are still as popular as ever, with many people buying in through their retirement accounts or getting in at low prices. Mutual funds make investing fairly easy, compared to stocks. But one reason people lost money in mutual funds is that they didn’t know the mutual fund basics they needed to keep money safe. Although mutual funds are often touted as being easy to invest in and virtually no-lose investments, we know that’s not true, and learning more can help you avoid the losses we saw in the past year.

There are thousands of mutual funds available, literally more than 10,000 are traded on the market. Together, all mutual funds have succeed in attracting $4 trillion dollars of investments! It’s still possible to profit with mutual funds, but you should understand the basics to know how safe they are for you.

Until late 2008 and into 2009, mutual funds enjoyed quite a reputation for steady returns and safety. They also gave investors an easy way to diversify their holdings. Funds also help spread the market risk among various investments. even in times of economic downturn, these qualities are worth finding in a good mutual fund.

As a mutual fund is set up, the fund raises investment cash from investors, then uses that money to invest in stocks, bonds, and other securities that are a proper fit for the objective of the fund. Within the fund there is nearly always than a single individual investment. When the value of those investments goes up, or goes down for that matter, its investors also see a gain or a loss. When a fund pays out a dividend to shareholders, the investors get their fair share too. In addition, you can find that funds are well managed by professional advisors.

Mutual funds are designed as special types of corporations, which are allowed by charter to combine funds receied form investors, and invest that pool os cash for the whole group, based on the defined objectives of the fund. To raise investment capital there is an offering of shares of the fund to be sold to the general public, just as any public company wolud seek to sell stock on the market. Then the funds take the proceeds from selling shares and use it to purchase a variety of investments, such as stocks, bonds, derivatives, or money market instruments.

When the shareholder invest by buying shares, they receive an equity share positions in the mutual fund. At this point the shareholders each own a piece of the underlying securities owned by the fund. For the most part, mutual fund shareholders are permitted to sell their fund shares on the market at any time, but the price they get will be determined by the daily changes in the share price as it is reflected in the performance of the underlying investments.

It’s also true that many investors get their investment ideas based on just a few criteria: the total performance of the fund in the recent past, or through tips from a friend or acquaintance, or by reading magazines or online publications. Even though there is a chance these efforts could result in choosing a good mutual fund, it’s still very risky to buy on this basis alone. It’s better to have some idea of fund’s characteristics, and whether it’s a good addition for that particular investor.

Note that every mutual fund has individual characteristics that are unique to it, such things as the performance, the personalities of the management, what the fund’s investment objectives are and so on. When choosing a mutual fund, it’s better to also consider your own financial plan overall, to see if the fund fits your own objectives. Start by defining your personal financial goals first, and address your financial priorities, the amount of money you have available, and the level of risk you are comfortable with. Put down also in your plan the time line you expect your strategy to bear fruit.

It’s always fun to talk about the high-flying funds and their performance returns, or then again, since the crash of 2008-2009, it’s not as exciting as it once was. Nevertheless, it is a good lesson to understand that a fund’s total return for the previous several months or years simply isn’t a very good method for rating mutual fund performance. Whatever high returns a fund may have earned in the past, it only takes one down year for performance ratings to drop dramatically. Remember the old saying, past performance is no guarantee of future returns. Instead, determine which is the right fund for you by looking at other funds in the same category of investment, such as bond funds, growth funds, equity income funds, etc.

Also review the record of a fund’s management team – whether they take steps to minimize loss of their capital, and whether they are continuing to provide solid performance. Use these mutual fund basics to analyze which investments, are a good part of your investment foundation.

There are tons of stock brokers on the market but who’s the best? Here’s a summary of the more popular options and what I think of them.

Etrade is one of the earlier players in the discount brokerage and practically invented online brokerages. The user interface is amazing and the commissions are on the higher side in this day and age.

I don’t really like TD Ameritrade because it’s user interface is really bad. However, the commercials obviously is working because many people use them to trade stocks. The one price trading fee makes things less confusing though which is welcomed when everyone else has a ton of different pricing structure.

Charles Schwab is a full fledge solution like Etrade (they offer a bank, client services as well as credit cards along with their trading platform). Ever since Etrade went into trouble with its mortgage business, Charles Schwab have been on fire, taking market share and everything else.

TradeKing is the stock broker that I use after years with Etrade. While I’ve made a lot of money with Etrade, I just don’t want any problems with it going bankrupt. TradeKing also offers commissions at half the cost of Etrade.

Zecco used to offer everyone free stock trades but if you don’t have $25,000 or trade 25 or more times a month, you need to pay $4.50 per trade. Options are $0.50 per contract which is a good price though, and it also has Zecco Forex where you can trade currencies.

Sogotrade is a relatively new player and it plays the angle of cheap trades. With $3 per trade, it’s hard to beat unless everything is just free. Sogotrade also ensures trading accounts for up to $5 million.

Wells Fargo offers a trading platform in its WellsTrade as well. It’s free for people with over $25,000 of combined assets with them so it’s worth a look (if you have the money). My personal experience is that the platform is lacking but for retirement accounts and/or investors who don’t trade often, free trades are a good alternative.

Bank of America came to the self trading platform a few years ago when it offered free stock trades for its clients who have more than $25,000 in assets with them (it could be savings, checking among others). A few years later, you don’t hear much about them but I’m sure some of their customers are using them since it’s free.

OptionsXpress is known for its options trade. Instead of charging you per option like most firms, this company has a set pricing. They also claim to have no hidden fees so it might be a good option (no pun intended).